Working of Electric Cars.

Working of Tesla (Electric) Cars

tesla symbol

Any electric vehicle has cost of battery which is highest it is almost 30% of the car price.

Most of battery used in electric cars is lithium –ion battery

Lithium ion battery:

all type batteries

• This batteries are light weight (if battery is heavy than car will be heavy and it needs more power to draw)

• Although it is light weight having more power

In led acid battery 

• It is heavy in weight.

• Damaged chances are more

• Uses H2SO4 (38%), distilled water (62%)

So led acid battery are not used 

Lithium ion battery:

Used in remote, laptop, mobile battery

Connecting of Batteries:

Lots of batteries are joined to gather so that it can draw a car, join of batteries can be series or parallel, Most of time it will be parallel

Batteries are joined to in layers in platforms

batteries in layer

Batteries on chaises there are 7000 batteries in parallel

car chases for battery

To join battery if by copper wire than internal resistance will be increase so it will not go log

So it will be joining by nickel (maximum in india: oddisa) strips so that it can connect to gather also hold together

Charging of Battery:

battery charging

There are lots f batteries in line-up so some time nearer batteries are charged  and far batteries are not charging some time some batteries full charged & some are empty , to reduce this king of charging problems there is system called Battery Management system (BMS) is used to equally charge the battery also use power in equal propulsion. It balance the power and car can go smoothly

Battery composition

For battery it requires Nickel and Lithium

To meet its requirement indian Government making KABIL (Kanij Bidesh India Ltd) a mix venture of three companies (NALCO + MECL+HCL) these companies manage requirements of raw material in india

So material are managed from country are as below

Nickel- Indonesia 

Lithium triangle (chili, Bolivia, Argentina) –South America

Also companies which making lithium having benefit from tax and other benefits

Other material needs to know about it

Sodium (Na) – cut by knife, it is active material, so it pours in kerosene

White phosphorus – pour in water

Red phosphorus- used in machis (match box), flammable material, 

Also red phosphorus are in body also having it , if it is more in body than it sting of snake or scorpion not making high on him

Platinum-hardest material 

Diamond-hardest item

Carborandom (duplicate diamond)- to cut glass

Cryolite- to melt gold

Aquarazia- to dissolve gold

Chloroform- to make people unconscious

Ether – used in hospital to make unconscious people

Hydrogen – most natural 0% pollution

Uranium- most costly, Fuel of will, also known as “yellow cake”

Radium - life protector fuel, 

Plutonium- danger fuel

Power conversion

AC to DC Converter

Power comes from batteries are DC we need to convert in AC

Inverter is used to convert DC to AC 

This AC supply given to motor and motor drives a CAR (no other restriction of engine)

Trouble 

Main problem is to being heat

To solve this problem pipes are go through batteries  and very cold liquid names glycol are pass through it to cool down the battery heat up

Car over Heating

Extra Power

More power can be generated by regenerative breaking system, when break is applied this break is connected to motor which generate power to run the CAR

Power generation by breaking

Here is opposite than other fuel car when it break it charge more instead of reduce energy it generates

Disadvantage

Charging is disadvantage

car range

Once fully charge it will run approx. 200-300 kms its ok for Indian people but, time taken to charging is big disadvantage it takes 7-8 hrs. to full charge in normal charge 1-2 hrs. for fast charge , 30 min in charging station

But in india there are still very less charging station,

Price high

Advantages

• As battery is in base chases so that no other special space is required, it also helps to distribute load equally, stability increases

• No vibration

• No air pollution

• No noise pollution

• No opal countries depended required

• More space in front and rear

• More space in interior

• No service required

• No maintained required

• Battery can replace, If remove from car also can use in other product 

Why in India it will not work?

• Import  charges as fully assembled car imported than import duty same amount of tax will be applied example: lower specification car price of tesla is 28 lac so TAX will be 28 lac so the car will be 56 lac + GST + RTO  etc.. That’s why people will not buy tesla 

This step is tacked to promote Made in India or atmanirbhar bharat.

• Also have other reasons like:

• India still has no charging station

• People of India will miss use charging station 

• Road of India is very UN even so it touches battery, May battery damage

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